SEO
The Ultimate Guide for an SEO-Friendly URL Structure

To many, URLs are just seemingly inconsequential addresses to webpages. However, how you structure URLs for SEO matters.
They may seem less important than the title and heading elements but URLs can be a powerful tool for achieving SEO success.
Are Keywords in URLs Used for Ranking?
Thereβs no clear answer to whether keywords in the URL are used for ranking. Hereβs why.
2010: Approach Keywords in URL Like a User
In 2010, Googleβs Matt Cutts published a video where he discussed keywords in the path name versus keywords in the filename.
The path name is:
/tools/wood/drills.html
The multi-hyphen filename is:
/tools-wood-drills.html
Cutts recommended approaching the problem from the point of what a user might prefer.
He stated that the multi-hyphenated version may appear spammy to users.
He then affirmed that there is no multi-hyphen algorithm that will penalize multiple hyphens, doubling down on the approach of looking at it from a user perspective.
Cutts implied that there was a user impact effect in the following statement:
βAs far as search engine ranking, Iβm not sure that thereβs really that much difference between the two.
But you might want to be a little careful because of the user experience of having a really long filename thatβs just stuffed with hyphens. People might not like it if they see dash, dash, dash, dash, dash, dash and so they might not click on it.β
Matt didnβt address the ranking factor aspect.
It could be that what he wanted to stress was that the user experience part β what people would click on in the search engine results pages (SERPs) β was more important than any ranking factor-related benefit.
2011: Keywords in Domain are Ranking Factors
In 2011, in a somewhat related video about keywords in domains, he stated that Google was thinking about turning down the influence of keywords in the domain.
Like keywords in URLs, keywords in domains were also ranking factors.
But they were downplayed in terms of how important they were.
Matt downplays their ranking factor role in favor of other factors related to user experience and marketing β which is similar to how he also downplayed keywords in the URL.
2016: Google Says Keywords are Very Small Ranking Factor
In a Webmaster Central hangout in January 2016, John Mueller did in fact acknowledge that keywords in the URL were a ranking factor.
However, he minimized the importance of that as a ranking factor, describing its influence as being βvery small.β
Mueller:
βI believe thatβs a very small ranking factor, so itβs not something Iβd really try to force. And itβs not something where Iβd say itβs even worth your effort to kind of restructure your site just so you can include keywords in the URL.β
Calling it βvery smallβ lines up well with what Cutts had been saying all along β that there are other areas of a site that are more important to focus on.
2017: Keywords in URL are Overrated
Mueller continued to minimize the importance of keywords in the URL as a ranking factor.
In 2017, he called them overrated.
Keywords in URLs are overrated for Google SEO. Make URLs for users. Also, on mobile you usually don’t even see them.
β π John π (@JohnMu) March 8, 2017
2018: Donβt Worry About Keywords in URL
As recently as 2018, Mueller continued to downplay keywords in URL as a ranking factor, saying that theyβre not even seen by users.
(Presumably, heβs referencing URLs invisibility in the Google SERPs.)
I wouldn’t worry about keywords or words in a URL. In many cases, URLs aren’t seen by users anyway.
β π John π (@JohnMu) December 6, 2018
Keywords in a URL may be a ranking factor but judging from Googler statements, itβs a very minor one.
Are Keywords in Bare URL Links Used as Anchor Text?
Thereβs an idea around that if someone links to your site with just the link, Google will at least use the keywords in the URL as anchor text, which will help that site rank better for that anchor text.
That kind of link is sometimes called a naked link.
Itβs called naked because it is a link in the form of a URL instead of hidden in an anchor text.
Bare URL:
http://www.example.com/
URL in an anchor text:
Click here!
Mueller said (How Google Handles Naked Links, September 2020) that naked links do not pass anchor text information.
This is what he said:
βFrom what I understand, our systems do try to recognize this and say well, this is just a URL that is linked, itβs not that thereβs a valuable anchor here.
So we can take this into account as a link but we canβt really use that anchor text for anything in particular.
So from that point of view itβs a normal link but we donβt have any context there.β
Can Keywords in a URL Increase Clicks From SERPS?
Thereβs an old SEO idea that says using keywords in the URL will help stimulate a higher click-through rate (CTR) from the search results pages (SERPs).
This might have been true in the past.
Itβs less true today, particularly for sites that use breadcrumb navigation and/or breadcrumb navigation structured data.
Google is instead using the category name in the search results for sites that feature breadcrumb navigation or breadcrumb navigation structured data.
The keywords in the URL are not visible.

For sites that donβt use breadcrumb navigation or the breadcrumb structured data, Google does display the URLs with keywords in them.
But Google does not highlight them.
If Google did highlight the keywords in the URL, it might have helped to draw the eye to the listingβbut this is not the case.

What Use Are Keywords in a URL?
Aside from a very minor possible ranking factor weight, there are clear benefits to site visitors for keywords in a URL.
Keywords in the URL can help users understand what a page is about.
Even though those keywords might not always show up in the SERPs, they will show when linked as a bare URL.
Example of a bare URL:
https:www.example.com/widgets/best-widgets
When in doubt, optimize for the user because Google always recommends making pages useful for users.
This tends to align with the kinds of webpages Google wants to rank.
Best Practices for URL Structure
Standardize Your URLs in Lowercase
Most servers donβt have problems with mixed case URLs.
Even so, itβs a good idea to standardize what your URLs look like.
URLs are commonly written in the lowercase βlike-this-dot-comβ as opposed to mixed case βLike-That-Dot-Netβ or in all uppercase βLIKE-THIS-DOT-BIZ.β
Itβs best to do that as well if only because thatβs what users expect and it is easier to read than all caps.
Keeping your URLs standardized will help prevent linking errors within the site and from outside of the site, too.
Use Hyphens, Not Underscores
Always use hyphens (-) and not underscores (_) because underscores cannot be seen when the URL is published as a bare link.
Hereβs an example of how underscores in links are a bad practice:


Use Accurate Keywords in Category URL Structure
Using a less relevant keyword as the category name is a common mistake that comes from choosing the keyword with the most traffic.
Sometimes the highest traffic keyword isnβt necessarily what the pages in the category are about.
Select category names that truly describe what the pages contained within it are about.
When in doubt, pick the words that are most relevant to users who are looking for the content or products that are contained within those categories.
Avoid Using Superfluous Words in URL Structure
Sometimes a CMS might add the word /category/ into the URL structure.
This is an undesirable URL structure.
There is no justification for a URL structure that looks like /category/widget/.
It should simply be /widget/.
Similarly, if a better word than βblogβ exists for telling users what to expect out of a section of your site, then use that instead.
Words guide users to content they are looking for.
Use them appropriately.
Future Proof Your URLs
Just because a date is in the title of the article doesnβt mean it belongs in the URL.
If you intend to create a βTop xxx for 20xxβ type of post, it is generally a better practice to use the same URL year after year.
So instead of:
example.com/widgets/top-widgets-2020
Try removing the year and simply go with:
example.com/widgets/top-widgets
The benefit of updating the content and the title year after year and keeping the same URL is that all of the links that went to the previous year of content remain.
Anyone who follows the old links will find the updated content.
Itβs possible to create an archive of previous years, as well.
Thatβs up to you.
Trailing Slash or No Trailing Slash
A trailing slash is this symbol: [ / ].
The Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) β the group responsible for web standards β recommends best practice is that the trailing slash should be used to indicate a βcontainer URIβ for denoting parent/child relationships.
(A URI is used to identify resources in the same way as a URL, except those resources may not be on the web.)
A parent/child relationship is when a category contains numerous webpages.
The category βcontainerβ is the parent and the webpages contained within it are the children documents that are contained within the category.
This is what the W3C states in the section called, Linked Data Platform Best Practices and Guidelines:
β2.6 Include a trailing slash in container URIs
When representing container membership with hierarchical URLs, including the trailing slash in a containerβs URI makes it easier to use relative URIs.β
In HTML, the trailing slash is supposed to indicate the presence of a directory or a category section.
In 2017 Googleβs John Mueller tweeted that apart from the home page, a URL with and a URL without a trailing slash are different web pages.
For example:
https://www.example.com/widgets
can be a different page from:
https://www.example.com/widgets/
/widgets denotes a page while /widgets/ represents a directory or category section.
I noticed there was some confusion around trailing slashes on URLs, so I hope this helps. tl;dr: slash on root/hostname=doesn’t matter; slash elsewhere=does matter (they’re different URLs) pic.twitter.com/qjKebMa8V8
β π John π (@JohnMu) December 19, 2017
Muellerβs tweet in 2017 reaffirmed an official Google blog post from 2010 (To Slash or Not to Slash) that made similar statements.
However, even in that 2010 blog post, Google pretty much left it up to publishers to decide how to use trailing slashes.
But Googleβs adherence to a common trailing slash convention reflects that point of view.
Google Is Flexible on Trailing Slash Best Practices
Hereβs an example of how Google codes URLs.
This URL features the .html at the end and is clearly a web page:
https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2020/11/timing-for-page-experience.html
This URL ending with a trailing slash is a category page:
https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2020/11/
And this is the container for the month year of 2020:
https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2020/
The above examples conform with the standard recommendation to use trailing slashes at the end for a category directory and to not use it at the end of the URL when itβs a web page.
Google URLs Lacking Trailing Slash Altogether
However, other sections published by Google donβt conform to that standard.
The following examples are categories and webpages that do not use a trailing slash.
- This is a URL for a category section:
https://developers.google.com/analytics - This is a web page:
https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/integrate - And this is another web page:
https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/firebase/android
All of those webpages and category pages look similar because they donβt use a trailing slash.
Google Is Flexible in Use of Trailing Slash
The above examples show that yes, there are best practices.
But this is one of those best practices that can be ignored.
As far back as 2010, Googleβs advice on the use of trailing slashes was flexible.
ββ¦youβre free to choose whichever you like.β
Perhaps the most important point about trailing slash in the URL is that you choose one way of doing it and sticking with that so you can avoid confusion.
It also makes it easier to redirect non-trailing slash URLs to the trailing slash, etc.
URLs for SEO Purposes
The topic of SEO-friendly URLs is deeper than one may suspect, with many nuances to it.
While Google is increasingly not showing URLs in the SERPs, popular search engines like Bing and DuckDuckGo still show them.
URLs are a good way to signal to a potential site visitor what a page is about.
The proper use of URLs can help improve click-through rates wherever the links are shared.
And keeping URLs shorter makes them user friendly and easier to share.
Webpages that make it easy to share are helping users make the pages popular.
Donβt underestimate the power of popularity for ranking purposes because some of what search engines do is to show users what the users are expecting to see.
The URL is a humble and somewhat overlooked part of the SEO equation but it can contribute a great deal to helping your pages rank well.
More Resources:
Image Credits
Featured image and screenshots by author, November 2020
SEO
4 Ways To Try The New Model From Mistral AI

In a significant leap in large language model (LLM) development, Mistral AI announced the release of its newest model, Mixtral-8x7B.
magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5546272da9065eddeb6fcd7ffddeef5b75be79a7&dn=mixtral-8x7b-32kseqlen&tr=udp%3A%2F%https://t.co/uV4WVdtpwZ%3A6969%2Fannounce&tr=http%3A%2F%https://t.co/g0m9cEUz0T%3A80%2Fannounce
RELEASE a6bbd9affe0c2725c1b7410d66833e24
β Mistral AI (@MistralAI) December 8, 2023
What Is Mixtral-8x7B?
Mixtral-8x7B from Mistral AI is a Mixture of Experts (MoE) model designed to enhance how machines understand and generate text.
Imagine it as a team of specialized experts, each skilled in a different area, working together to handle various types of information and tasks.
A report published in June reportedly shed light on the intricacies of OpenAIβs GPT-4, highlighting that it employs a similar approach to MoE, utilizing 16 experts, each with around 111 billion parameters, and routes two experts per forward pass to optimize costs.
This approach allows the model to manage diverse and complex data efficiently, making it helpful in creating content, engaging in conversations, or translating languages.
Mixtral-8x7B Performance Metrics
Mistral AIβs new model, Mixtral-8x7B, represents a significant step forward from its previous model, Mistral-7B-v0.1.
Itβs designed to understand better and create text, a key feature for anyone looking to use AI for writing or communication tasks.
New open weights LLM from @MistralAI
params.json:
β hidden_dim / dim = 14336/4096 => 3.5X MLP expand
β n_heads / n_kv_heads = 32/8 => 4X multiquery
β “moe” => mixture of experts 8X top 2 πLikely related code: https://t.co/yrqRtYhxKR
Oddly absent: an over-rehearsed⦠https://t.co/8PvqdHz1bR pic.twitter.com/xMDRj3WAVh
β Andrej Karpathy (@karpathy) December 8, 2023
This latest addition to the Mistral family promises to revolutionize the AI landscape with its enhanced performance metrics, as shared by OpenCompass.
What makes Mixtral-8x7B stand out is not just its improvement over Mistral AIβs previous version, but the way it measures up to models like Llama2-70B and Qwen-72B.
Itβs like having an assistant who can understand complex ideas and express them clearly.
One of the key strengths of the Mixtral-8x7B is its ability to handle specialized tasks.
For example, it performed exceptionally well in specific tests designed to evaluate AI models, indicating that itβs good at general text understanding and generation and excels in more niche areas.
This makes it a valuable tool for marketing professionals and SEO experts who need AI that can adapt to different content and technical requirements.
The Mixtral-8x7Bβs ability to deal with complex math and coding problems also suggests it can be a helpful ally for those working in more technical aspects of SEO, where understanding and solving algorithmic challenges are crucial.
This new model could become a versatile and intelligent partner for a wide range of digital content and strategy needs.
How To Try Mixtral-8x7B: 4 Demos
You can experiment with Mistral AIβs new model, Mixtral-8x7B, to see how it responds to queries and how it performs compared to other open-source models and OpenAIβs GPT-4.
Please note that, like all generative AI content, platforms running this new model may produce inaccurate information or otherwise unintended results.
User feedback for new models like this one will help companies like Mistral AI improve future versions and models.
1. Perplexity Labs Playground
In Perplexity Labs, you can try Mixtral-8x7B along with Meta AIβs Llama 2, Mistral-7b, and Perplexityβs new online LLMs.
In this example, I ask about the model itself and notice that new instructions are added after the initial response to extend the generated content about my query.


While the answer looks correct, it begins to repeat itself.


The model did provide an over 600-word answer to the question, βWhat is SEO?β
Again, additional instructions appear as βheadersβ to seemingly ensure a comprehensive answer.


2. Poe
Poe hosts bots for popular LLMs, including OpenAIβs GPT-4 and DALLΒ·E 3, Meta AIβs Llama 2 and Code Llama, Googleβs PaLM 2, Anthropicβs Claude-instant and Claude 2, and StableDiffusionXL.
These bots cover a wide spectrum of capabilities, including text, image, and code generation.
The Mixtral-8x7B-Chat bot is operated by Fireworks AI.


Itβs worth noting that the Fireworks page specifies it is an βunofficial implementationβ that was fine-tuned for chat.
When asked what the best backlinks for SEO are, it provided a valid answer.


Compare this to the response offered by Google Bard.


3. Vercel
Vercel offers a demo of Mixtral-8x7B that allows users to compare responses from popular Anthropic, Cohere, Meta AI, and OpenAI models.


It offers an interesting perspective on how each model interprets and responds to user questions.


Like many LLMs, it does occasionally hallucinate.


4. Replicate
The mixtral-8x7b-32 demo on Replicate is based on this source code. It is also noted in the README that βInference is quite inefficient.β


In the example above, Mixtral-8x7B describes itself as a game.
Conclusion
Mistral AIβs latest release sets a new benchmark in the AI field, offering enhanced performance and versatility. But like many LLMs, it can provide inaccurate and unexpected answers.
As AI continues to evolve, models like the Mixtral-8x7B could become integral in shaping advanced AI tools for marketing and business.
Featured image: T. Schneider/Shutterstock
SEO
OpenAI Investigates ‘Lazy’ GPT-4 Complaints On Google Reviews, X

OpenAI, the company that launched ChatGPT a little over a year ago, has recently taken to social media to address concerns regarding the βlazyβ performance of GPT-4 on social media and Google Reviews.

This move comes after growing user feedback online, which even includes a one-star review on the companyβs Google Reviews.
OpenAI Gives Insight Into Training Chat Models, Performance Evaluations, And A/B Testing
OpenAI, through its @ChatGPTapp Twitter account, detailed the complexities involved in training chat models.


The organization highlighted that the process is not a βclean industrial processβ and that variations in training runs can lead to noticeable differences in the AIβs personality, creative style, and political bias.
Thorough AI model testing includes offline evaluation metrics and online A/B tests. The final decision to release a new model is based on a data-driven approach to improve the βrealβ user experience.
OpenAIβs Google Review Score Affected By GPT-4 Performance, Billing Issues
This explanation comes after weeks of user feedback about GPT-4 becoming worse on social media networks like X.
Idk if anyone else has noticed this, but GPT-4 Turbo performance is significantly worse than GPT-4 standard.
I know it’s in preview right now but it’s significantly worse.
β Max Weinbach (@MaxWinebach) November 8, 2023
There has been discussion if GPT-4 has become “lazy” recently. My anecdotal testing suggests it may be true.
I repeated a sequence of old analyses I did with Code Interpreter. GPT-4 still knows what to do, but keeps telling me to do the work. One step is now many & some are odd. pic.twitter.com/OhGAMtd3Zq
β Ethan Mollick (@emollick) November 28, 2023
Complaints also appeared in OpenAIβs community forums.


The experience led one user to leave a one-star rating for OpenAI via Google Reviews. Other complaints regarded accounts, billing, and the artificial nature of AI.


A recent user on Product Hunt gave OpenAI a rating that also appears to be related to GPT-4 worsening.


GPT-4 isnβt the only issue that local reviewers complain about. On Yelp, OpenAI has a one-star rating for ChatGPT 3.5 performance.
OpenAI is now only 3.8 stars on Google Maps and a dismal 1 star on Yelp!
GPT-4βs degradation has really hurt their rating. Hope the business survives.https://t.co/RF8uJH1WQ5 pic.twitter.com/OghAZLCiVu
β Nate Chan (@nathanwchan) December 9, 2023
The complaint:


In related OpenAI news, the review with the most likes aligns with recent rumors about a volatile workplace, alleging that OpenAI is a βCutthroat environment. Not friendly. Toxic workers.β


The reviews voted the most helpful on Glassdoor about OpenAI suggested that employee frustration and product development issues stem from the companyβs shift in focus on profits.


This incident provides a unique outlook on how customer and employee experiences can impact any business through local reviews and business ratings platforms.


Google SGE Highlights Positive Google Reviews
In addition to occasional complaints, Google reviewers acknowledged the revolutionary impact of OpenAIβs technology on various fields.
The most positive review mentions about the company appear in Google SGE (Search Generative Experience).


Conclusion
OpenAIβs recent insights into training chat models and response to public feedback about GPT-4 performance illustrate AI technologyβs dynamic and evolving nature and its impact on those who depend on the AI platform.
Especially the people who just received an invitation to join ChatGPT Plus after being waitlisted while OpenAI paused new subscriptions and upgrades. Or those developing GPTs for the upcoming GPT Store launch.
As AI advances, professionals in these fields must remain agile, informed, and responsive to technological developments and the publicβs reception of these advancements.
Featured image: Tada Images/Shutterstock
SEO
ChatGPT Plus Upgrades Paused; Waitlisted Users Receive Invites

ChatGPT Plus subscriptions and upgrades remain paused after a surge in demand for new features created outages.
Some users who signed up for the waitlist have received invites to join ChatGPT Plus.

This has resulted in a few shares of the link that is accessible for everyone. For now.
Found a hack to skip chatGPT plus wait list.
Follow the steps
β login to ChatGPT
β now if you click on upgrade
β Signup for waitlist(may not be necessary)
β now change the URL to https://t.co/4izOdNzarG
β Wallah you are in for payment #ChatGPT4 #hack #GPT4 #GPTPlus pic.twitter.com/J1GizlrOAxβ Ashish Mohite is building Notionpack Capture (@_ashishmohite) December 8, 2023
RELATED: GPT Store Set To Launch In 2024 After βUnexpectedβ Delays
In addition to the invites, signs that more people are getting access to GPTs include an introductory screen popping up on free ChatGPT accounts.


Unfortunately, they still arenβt accessible without a Plus subscription.


You can sign up for the waitlist by clicking on the option to upgrade in the left sidebar of ChatGPT on a desktop browser.


OpenAI also suggests ChatGPT Enterprise for those who need more capabilities, as outlined in the pricing plans below.


Why Are ChatGPT Plus Subscriptions Paused?
According to a post on X by OpenAIβs CEO Sam Altman, the recent surge in usage following the DevDay developers conference has led to capacity challenges, resulting in the decision to pause ChatGPT Plus signups.
we are pausing new ChatGPT Plus sign-ups for a bit π
the surge in usage post devday has exceeded our capacity and we want to make sure everyone has a great experience.
you can still sign-up to be notified within the app when subs reopen.
β Sam Altman (@sama) November 15, 2023
The decision to pause new ChatGPT signups follows a week where OpenAI services β including ChatGPT and the API β experienced a series of outages related to high-demand and DDoS attacks.
Demand for ChatGPT Plus resulted in eBay listings supposedly offering one or more months of the premium subscription.
chatgpt plus accounts selling ebay for a premium π«‘πΊπΈ https://t.co/VdN8tuexKM pic.twitter.com/W522NGHsRV
β surya (@sdand) November 15, 2023
When Will ChatGPT Plus Subscriptions Resume?
So far, we donβt have any official word on when ChatGPT Plus subscriptions will resume. We know the GPT Store is set to open early next year after recent boardroom drama led to βunexpected delays.β
Therefore, we hope that OpenAI will onboard waitlisted users in time to try out all of the GPTs created by OpenAI and community builders.
What Are GPTs?
GPTs allow users to create one or more personalized ChatGPT experiences based on a specific set of instructions, knowledge files, and actions.
Search marketers with ChatGPT Plus can try GPTs for helpful content assessment and learning SEO.
Two SEO GPTs I’ve created for assessment + learning ππ
1. Content Helpfulness and Quality SEO Analyzer: Assess a page content helpfulness, relevance, and quality for your targeted query based on Google’s guidelines vs your competitors and get tips: https://t.co/LsoP2UhF4N pic.twitter.com/O77MHiqwOq
β Aleyda Solis ποΈ (@aleyda) November 12, 2023
2. The https://t.co/IFmKxxVDpW SEO Teacher: A friendly SEO expert teacher who will help you to learn SEO using reliable https://t.co/sCZ03C7fzq resources: https://t.co/UrMPUYwblH
I hope they’re helpful ππ€©
PS: Love how GPT opens up to SO much opportunity π€― pic.twitter.com/yqKozcZTDc
β Aleyda Solis ποΈ (@aleyda) November 12, 2023
There are also GPTs for analyzing Google Search Console data.
oh wow. I think this GPT works.
Export data from GSC comparing keyword rankings before and after an update and upload it to ChatGPT and it will spit out this scatter plot for you.
It’s an easy way to see if most of your keyword declined or improved.
This site was impacted by⦠pic.twitter.com/wFGSnonqoZ
β Marie Haynes (@Marie_Haynes) November 9, 2023
And GPTs that will let you chat with analytics data from 20 platforms, including Google Ads, GA4, and Facebook.
Google search has indexed hundreds of public GPTs. According to an alleged list of GPT statistics in a GitHub repository, DALL-E, the top GPT from OpenAI, has received 5,620,981 visits since its launch last month. Included in the top 20 GPTs is Canva, with 291,349 views.
Β
Weighing The Benefits Of The Pause
Ideally, this means that developers working on building GPTs and using the API should encounter fewer issues (like being unable to save GPT drafts).
But it could also mean a temporary decrease in new users of GPTs since they are only available to Plus subscribers β including the ones I tested for learning about ranking factors and gaining insights on E-E-A-T from Googleβs Search Quality Rater Guidelines.


Featured image: Robert Way/Shutterstock
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